What does MPPT do? Due to the influence of external factors such as the light intensity and the environment, the output power of the solar cell is changed, and the electricity generated by the light intensity is more. The photovoltaic inverter with MPPT maximum power tracking is to make full use of the solar cell and make it run at the maximum power point. In other words, under the condition of constant solar radiation, the output power with MPPT will be higher than that without MPPT, which is the role of MPPT. It is assumed that the output voltage of the component is 500V before MPPT starts tracking, and then after MPPT starts tracking, it begins to adjust the resistance of the circuit through the internal circuit structure to change the output voltage of the component and the output current until the output power reaches the maximum (assuming that it is the maximum of 550V), and then it keeps tracking. In this way, under the condition of constant solar radiation, the output power of the component at 550V output voltage will be higher than that at 500V, which is the function of MPPT.

With the development of electronic technology, MPPT control of solar cell array is generally accomplished by DC/DC conversion circuit. Its principle block diagram is shown in the figure below. Photovoltaic cell array and load are connected by DC/DC circuit. The maximum power tracking device continuously detects the current and voltage variation of photovoltaic array, and adjusts the duty cycle of PWM driving signal of DC/DC converter according to its variation.